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技术预见 5

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Experimental study on pile-end post-grouting piles for super-large bridge pile foundations

Weiming GONG, Guoliang DAI, Haowen ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 228-233 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0019-0

摘要： The application of pile-end post-grouting piles for super-large bridge pile foundations in some important projects was introduced in this paper. There are totally 21 test piles. The maximum pile diameter varies from 2.5 m to 3 m, and the maximum length is 125 m; the bearing capacity of the post-grouting piles is over ten thousands tons. Based on the test results, the bearing capacity, displacement, and bearing characteristic before and after grouting were analyzed. The results show that the bearing capacity of the piles are increased in different degrees after grouting although the technical parameters, including the patterns of grouting pipes, pressure, dosages of cement, duration of grouting lasting time, are different. However, the obtained values are very discrete. In addition, the calculation formula for the post-grouting piles under specified grouting condition was deduced based on the statistics analysis results of 57 test piles. The research results have been applied in the design of bridge foundation.

关键词： self-balanced testing technique pile-end post-grouting bearing capacity grouting technology

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Seismic performance of fabricated continuous girder bridge with grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》页码 827-854 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0954-1

摘要： The seismic performance of a fully fabricated bridge is a key factor limiting its application. In this study, a fiber element model of a fabricated concrete pier with grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite connections was built and verified. A numerical analysis of three types of continuous girder bridges was conducted with different piers: a cast-in-place reinforced concrete pier, a grouting sleeve-fabricated pier, and a grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite fabricated pier. Furthermore, the seismic performance of the composite fabricated pier was investigated. The results show that the OpenSees fiber element model can successfully simulate the hysteresis behavior and failure mode of the grouted sleeve-fabricated pier. Under traditional non-near-fault ground motions, the pier top displacements of the grouting sleeve-fabricated pier and the composite fabricated pier were less than those of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete pier. The composite fabricated pier had a good self-centering capability. In addition, the plastic hinge zones of the grouting sleeve-fabricated pier and the composite fabricated pier shifted to the joint seam and upper edge of the grouting sleeve, respectively. The composite fabricated pier with optimal design parameters has good seismic performance and can be applied in high-intensity seismic areas; however, the influence of pile-soil interaction on its seismic performance should not be ignored.

关键词： seismic performance continuous girder bridge grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite connections grouted sleeve connection design parameters

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高压富水断层“外堵内固注浆法”设计新理念与工程实践

张民庆,张梅

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第12期页码 26-34

摘要：

宜万铁路齐岳山隧道F11断层由断层角砾岩、破裂岩、断层泥组成，断层内富含高压水，超前探孔单孔最大涌水量1 800 m3/h，水压力2.5 MPa。针对F11高压富水断层，前期按“以堵为主、限量排放”施工原则，采取全断面帷幕注浆措施，注浆工程量大、进度慢。为及早攻克F11高压富水断层，建设单位多次邀请院士、专家现场踏勘、研讨，提出“注浆加固、分水降压、快挖快封、加强监测、综合治理”施工技术方案，将全断面帷幕注浆调整为外堵内固注浆。对于高压富水断层，通常的设计是加固圈厚一些、加固体强一些，而外堵内固注浆是将隧道周边岩体、水量及水压力分布假定为不均匀性，从而通过超前探孔锁定弱水区和强水区，针对弱水区采取基本注浆，对强水区采取加强注浆，注浆机理为“封堵裂隙、减少水量；固结围岩、改良地层。”注浆时，先通过区域定位孔进行无约束注浆堵水，从而使地层中水量得到有效控制，然后按“合理步距、封堵水流，由外到内、环环相扣，间隔跳孔、锁定水源，增加补孔、区域加强”的注浆理念进行注浆施工。通过现场实践，外堵内固注浆能达到注浆堵水和加固效果。外堵内固注浆与全断面帷幕注浆相比，注浆孔数量和注浆量减少50 %，在水量大时，注浆进度提高80 %，一般情况下提高50 %以上，因此，外堵内固注浆具有广阔的推广应用价值。

关键词：高压富水断层不均匀性注浆堵水加固外堵内固注浆创新

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厦门翔安海底隧道F1风化深槽注浆加固技术

郭小红,王梦恕

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第9期页码 38-41

摘要：

以厦门翔安海底隧道涌水量最大、施工难度最大的海域段F1风化槽为研究对象，根据其围岩地质条件和突涌水特点，采用全断面注浆加固和堵水，注浆加固范围为掌子面内及隧道开挖轮廓线外5 m，隧道纵向加固长度为70 m，注浆材料以超细水泥单液浆为主的注浆加固方案。施工期现场监控量测与数值计算结果表明：F1风化深槽围岩注浆加固效果均较为理想，未发生涌水突泥，达到了设计的技术要求。该项研究成果为今后开展类似工程的注浆加固提供了技术借鉴。

关键词：海底隧道注浆加固稳定性数值仿真

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三峡升船机齿条及螺母柱间隙灌浆工艺试验

詹剑霞,李纪虎

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第9期页码 45-49

摘要：

为了选择出合适的灌浆材料和灌浆工艺并模拟升船机齿条、螺母柱间隙灌浆的实际情况，分别进行了灌浆工艺试验与原型灌浆试验。灌浆工艺试验对比了3种国产灌浆材料和德国PAGEL灌浆材料，试验结果表明德国PAGEL灌浆材料物理性能指标和力学性能指标优于国产灌浆材料。在原型灌浆试验中，对灌浆设备选型、搅拌时间、模板密封、灌浆方式、灌浆流速参数控制等方面进行了试验研究，优选出适用于三峡升船机齿条、螺母柱接缝灌浆的材料和合适的灌浆工艺。以上试验效果明显，解决了灌浆密封难度大、易堵管等施工难题。

关键词：齿条螺母柱灌浆升船机三峡工程

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Quantitatively assessing the pre-grouting eﬀect on the stability of tunnels excavated in fault

Xiao YAN, Zizheng SUN, Shucai LI, Rentai LIU, Qingsong ZHANG, Yiming ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期页码 1393-1404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0563-1

摘要： Pre-grouting is a popular ground treatment strategy utilized to enhance the strength and stability of strata during the excavation of a tunnel through a fault zone. Two important questions need to be answered during such an excavation. First, how should the grouting size be determined? Second, when should excavation begin after grouting? These two questions are conventionally addressed through empirical experience and standard criteria because a reliable quantitative approach, which would be preferable, has not yet been developed. To address these questions, we apply a recently proposed numerical approach known as discontinuity layout optimization, an efficient node-based upper bound limit analysis method. A case study is provided utilizing a tunnel located in a stratum characterized by complicated geological conditions, including soft soil and a fault zone. The factor of safety is used to quantitatively assess the stability of the tunnel section. The inﬂuences of the grouted zone thickness and the time-dependent material properties of the grouted zone on the stability of the tunnel section are evaluated, thereby assisting designers by quantitatively assessing the effects of pre-grouting.

关键词： pre-grouting stability analysis factor of safety discontinuity layout optimization

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Evaluation of the static and dynamic structural performance of segmental pre-stressed concrete box girder bridge after repairing and strengthening

Ali Fadhil NASER, Zonglin WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 164-177 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0196-8

摘要： The objectives of this study are to explain the repairing and strengthening methods which are used to improve the structural performance of the bridge structure, to analyze the static and dynamic responses after strengthening, and to evaluate the performance of the bridge structure after repairing and strengthening. The methods of repairing and strengthening include reconstruction the deck of the bridge by casting 10 cm layer of concrete, strengthening the web and bottom floor of box girders of middle spans and side spans by sticking the steel plates, strengthening the whole bridge structure by using external pre-stressing tendons, and treatment the cracks. The results of theoretical analysis show that the values of tensile stress and vertical deflection are decreased and the compressive stress is increased after strengthening. There are not tensile stresses are appeared in the sections of the bridge structure. The modal analysis results show that the value of natural frequency is equal to 2.09 Hz which is more than the values before strengthening which is equal to 1.64 Hz, indicating that the stiffness of the bridge structure is improved and the strengthening process is effective to improve the cracks resistance and bearing capacity of the bridge structure.

关键词： structural performance steel plates external pre-stressing cracks grouting method static

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明挖法地下装配式结构接缝防水技术探讨

黄明利,杨泽,谭忠盛,王文正

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 131-139 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.019

摘要：

装配式结构与传统的现浇结构相比具有节能、环保、节省模具、工期较短等特点，已在地上建筑中获得了飞速发展。由于地下环境复杂，地下装配式结构接头部位的防水处理成为难题，因此，地下装配式结构近几年在我国才刚刚起步。本文在分析地下装配式结构的接头形式和防水技术现状的基础上，提出了应用环氧灌浆料对预制装配式结构接头进行灌封，通过试验研究了环氧灌浆料本身及其黏接混凝土的力学性能。同时还针对明挖法修建的技术特点，介绍了基坑肥槽预拌固化土回填技术，阐述了预拌固化土对地下工程结构防水的作用，研究成果可供类似工程参考。

关键词：预制装配式结构地下结构接缝环氧灌浆料预拌固化土防水技术

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齐岳山隧道F11高压富水断层带注浆施工技术

卓越,孙国庆

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第12期页码 82-86

摘要：

隧道岩溶、断裂带等高压涌水是隧道修建中比较难以解决的问题，隧道突涌水地质灾害频繁发生，成为影响隧道施工和安全的主要障碍。宜万铁路齐岳山隧道所穿越暗河、溶洞、断层破碎带等不良地质高压突涌水地段，给施工带来很大的困难。目前正在施工的齐岳山隧道F11断层破碎带，水压高、水量大、地质条件复杂，成为唯一制约全线的主要技术难题。以平导F11断层的注浆施工治水防坍为实例，介绍F11高水压断裂带治水防坍新方案、新工艺及效果检查新方法等，为以后类似工程积累经验。

关键词：齐岳山隧道断层破碎带技术难题新方案新工艺效果检查

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富水砂卵石地层中大直径泥水盾构同步注浆技术

张长强,翟志国,陈明娟,金仲祥

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第12期页码 75-78

摘要：

通过统计分析盾构掘进相关技术资料，综合考虑富水砂卵石地层中泥水盾构掘进参数、泥浆参数、盾构姿态、地层变形机理等信息，确定泥水盾构在砂卵石地层中掘进时，同步注浆主要技术参数间的经验公式，指导类似工程施工。

关键词：砂卵石地层泥水盾构同步注浆施工技术

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隐覆型岩溶地基稳定性分析与压浆预处理

孙成访,杨安蓉,董汉雄,彭少民

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第7期页码 56-59

摘要：

通过对隐覆型岩溶地基稳定性的分析，采用压浆法预处理隐覆型岩溶地基，并对压浆效果进行了分析评价，研究结果表明, 压浆预处理隐覆型岩溶地基在技术上和经济上是可行的。

关键词：岩溶地基压力压浆效果评价

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硗碛水电站土石坝坝肩强风化岩体处理

王寿根

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第3期页码 78-83

摘要：

硗碛水电站宽级配碎石土心墙堆石坝坝高123 m，坝肩两岸千枚岩、砂岩岩体强风化水平深度14.6～66.4 m，由于岩体强风化深度大，按规范开挖工程量巨大，故仅开挖至强风化上部（局部达强风化中部），突破该规范要求。文章详实论述了硗碛水电站坝肩强风化岩体处理方案、灌浆试验成果及工艺要求，论证了采用灌浆加固及防渗处理的可行性，提出了处理措施及施工控制标准。

关键词：硗碛水电站土石坝坝肩处理强风化岩体固结灌浆帷幕灌浆

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复杂条件下的大直径泥水盾构掘进参数控制

王百泉,任勇,金仲祥,古艳旗

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第12期页码 65-69

摘要：

对盾构掘进参数进行了详细试验，对不同地层条件下刀盘扭矩与刀具磨损情况之间的关系进行了详细分析，并探讨了盾构姿态的控制方法，同时对同步注浆参数及泥水循环系统做以简要介绍，总结了掘进参数、泥浆密度等在盾构掘进中的重要地位。

关键词：泥水盾构掘进参数同步注浆泥水循环盾构姿态

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宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道高压富水岩溶治理技术

杨兵,肖广智

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第12期页码 69-76

摘要：

岩溶灾害严重危及隧道施工的安全，影响施工的进度，是目前国内外隧道建设面临的重点和难点问题。首先对马鹿箐隧道历次涌突水特征进行了分析，主要阐述了超前地质预报技术、水文观测、反坡追排水清淤技术和泄水释能工法等技术在+978溶腔的岩溶水处治中的应用，最后对溶腔揭示后隧道跨越溶腔段的工程处治措施进行了详细介绍。马鹿箐岩溶隧道成功的施工经验，为今后类似隧道工程中大体量高压富水隐伏岩溶问题的处理提供参考和借鉴。

关键词：隧道岩溶突水超前地质预报帷幕注浆